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This report was published by the former Department of Families, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs
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List of tables

Updated costs of children using Australian budget standards

Table 1: Gross costs of one child, including child care, for couple households

Table 2: Costs of one child as a percentage of household income, couple households

Table 3: Gross costs of two or more children, including child care, for couple households

Table 4: Costs of two or more children as a percentage of household income, couple households

Table 5: Gross costs of one child, including child care, sole parent households, 100 per cent contact

Table 6: Gross costs of a 6 year-old child, separated households, various contact arrangements

Table 7: Cost of children when contact occurs as a percentage of costs with 100 per cent care, various contact arrangements

Table 8: Percentage of the total cost of children incurred by a parent when contact occurs, various contact arrangements


Table A1: Sydney budget standards, modest but adequate living standard, June quarter 2004

Table A2: Sydney budget standards, low cost living standard, June quarter 2004

Table A3: Melbourne budget standards, modest but adequate living standard, June quarter 2004

Table A4: Melbourne budget standards, low cost living standard, June quarter 2004

Table A5: Brisbane budget standards, modest but adequate living standard, June quarter 2004

Table A6: Brisbane budget standards, low cost living standard, June quarter 2004

Table A7: Adelaide budget standards, modest but adequate living standard, June quarter 2004

Table A8: Adelaide budget standards, low cost living standard, June quarter 2004

Table A9: Perth budget standards, modest but adequate living standard, June quarter 2004

Table A10: Perth budget standards, low cost living standard, June quarter 2004

Table A11: Hobart budget standards, modest but adequate living standard, June quarter 2004

Table A12: Hobart budget standards, low cost living standard, June quarter 2004

Table A13: Darwin budget standards, modest but adequate living standard, June quarter 2004

Table A14: Darwin budget standards, low cost living standard, June quarter 2004

Table A15: Canberra budget standards, modest but adequate living standard, June quarter 2004

Table A16: Canberra budget standards, low cost living standard, June quarter 2004

Table A17: Required income to meet household budget standard, couple with 3 year old, June quarter 2004

Table A18: Required income to meet household budget standard, couple with 6 year old, June quarter 2004

Table A19: Required income to meet household budget standard, couple with 10 year old, June quarter 2004

Table A20: Required income to meet household budget standard, couple with 14 year old, June quarter 2004

Table A21: Required income to meet household budget standard, couple with two children (6 & 14 years old) with separate bedrooms, June quarter 2004

Table A22: Required income to meet household budget standard, couple with two children (6 & 14 years old) sharing a bedroom, June quarter 2004

Table A23: Required income to meet household budget standard, couple with three children (3, 6 & 14 years old), June quarter 2004

Table A24: Required income to meet household budget standard, couple with four children (3, 6, 10 & 14 years old), June quarter 2004


The estimated costs of children in Australian families in 2005-06

Table 1: Estimated average costs of a single child in couple families, by age of child and family income, 2005-06

Table 2: Estimated average costs of children in couple families, by number of children and family income, 2005-06

Table 3: Estimated average marginal costs of children in couple families, by number of children and family income, 2005-06

Table 4: Estimated average marginal costs of children in couple families as a percentage of first child costs, by number of children and family income, 2005-06

Table 5: Estimated average costs of a single child in sole parent families, by age of child and family income, 2005-06

Table 6: Estimated average costs of children in sole parent families, by number of children and family income, 2005-06

Table 7: Estimated average marginal costs of children in sole parent families, by number of children and family income, 2005-06

Table 8: Estimated average marginal costs of children in sole parent families as a percentage of first child costs, by number of children and family income, 2005-06


Costs of children and equivalence scales: a review of methodological issues and Australian estimates

Table 1: Equivalence scale estimates of the costs of children by Lancaster and Ray (1998)

Table 2: Equivalence scale estimates of the costs of children by van de Ven (2003)

Table 3: Equivalence scale estimates of the costs of children in Australia

Table 4: Estimates of the costs of children by income, Percival and Harding (2005)

Table 5: Budget standards estimates of the costs of children by living standard, Henman (2005)

Table 6: Expenditure costs of children


Table A1: Equivalence scale estimates for Australia published post-1985

Table A2: Equivalence scale estimates for Australia, budget standards method

Table A3: Selected international equivalence scales

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List of figures

Costs of children and equivalence scales: a review of methodological issues and Australian estimates